Proliferation of Small Arms and Light Weapons in Nigeria Implications for the Security of Human Lives

Abstract

The proliferation of small arms and light weapons (SALW) poses a severe threat to human security in Nigeria. The availability of SALW enables armed violence by groups like Boko Haram, militants, and ethnic militias, fueling conflicts, human rights abuses, and undermining economic activities, essential services, and political stability. This study investigates the impact of SALW proliferation on human security in Nigeria, aiming to identify affected populations and vulnerabilities, assess existing legal and policy frameworks, and provide evidence-based recommendations for addressing SALW proliferation and safeguarding human security. Case studies demonstrate the devastating effects of SALW proliferation, including indiscriminate attacks on civilians, disrupted livelihoods, human rights violations, exacerbated resource conflicts, and disproportionate threats to vulnerable groups like women and children. Weak enforcement, corruption, and non-state armed group involvement limit current legal and policy measures. Recommendations from this research include strengthening laws and enforcement, promoting disarmament, reintegration, and conflict resolution, addressing socioeconomic drivers, empowering civil society, and ensuring the protection of vulnerable populations. In conclusion, curbing SALW proliferation requires political commitment, adequate resources, and a comprehensive approach tackling the root causes of violence through effective arms control, human rights protection, and sustainable peacebuilding efforts.